Inclusions of native copper and tenorite (CuO) were found in grayish green elbaite from São José da Batalha, Paraíba, Brazil. Native copper forms strongly dendritic platelets (about 100 µ long, 1 µ ...

Copper-bearing tourmaline from Mozambique was first recovered in 2001, but its Cu content was not recognized until 2003, and it was not widely sold with its Mozambique origin disclosed until 2005. It ...

Amethyst may develop into the more common citrine and rarer green quartz naturally under certain geologic conditions. On the California-Nevada border, just north of Reno, amethyst, citrine, and green ...

Although lost for literally hundreds of years after the Spanish conquest of the Aztecs, many deposits of jadeite have been found in Guatemala during the last two decades. Following the discovery of ...

Jewelry-quality synthetic malachite is now being manufactured in the USSR. The texture, structure, and physical and physico-chemical properties of this synthetic malachite are reported. Three textural ...

Some mollusks (e.g. oysters) live in saltwater environments like oceans and bays, while others (e.g. certain mussels) live in freshwater environments like lakes and rivers. Pearls may form in mollusks ...

Diamond is available in a range of sizes and qualities to fit every consumer's tastes. One of the first things most people learn about diamonds is that not all diamonds are created equal. In fact, ...

Citrine is one of the most popular yellow gems on the market. This designer cut shows off the warm glow of citrine’s sunny color. – Lydia Dyer, gem courtesy John Dyer & Co. Citrine—the transparent, ...

Useful contact information if you’re looking for a professional to value your gem or jewelry item. GIA does not provide an appraised value for gemstones or jewelry. This service should be performed by ...

The Lennix synthetic emerald, currently manufactured in France, is a dark green, moderately transparent to translucent material grown by flux fusion. With the microscope, zones of lighter and darker ...

This jadeite "Peiyao" (Chinese Fu dog) represent mythological creatures that guard and protect celestial palaces and entrances. - Gift of Sophie Leu Jade has been cherished for thousands of years.

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